120-Cell Sculpture: Two Intertwining Rings 

120-cell Two Intertwined Edge Rings.stl

120-Cell Sculpture: Two Solid Rings 

120 Cell Sculpture Two Solid Rings.stl

120-Cell Sculpture: Six Intertwining Rings

This sculpture highlights the edges of sets of intertwining rings related to Hopf fibrations within the four-dimensional 120-cell 4-polytope.

Because the shapes exist in four-dimensional space, special mathematical techniques are required to visualize them. These sculptures are made using the cell-centered stereographic projection method to create three-dimensional “shadows” of the original four-dimensional shapes. 

The 120-cell is one of six regular convex four-dimensional shapes. It is composed of 120 dodecahedral cells and can be partitioned into twelve 10-cell great circle rings related to the Hopf fibrations.  The lines in this sculpture outline the edges of six of the intertwining rings, for a total of 60 cells.


120-Cell Edge Sculpture

120-Cell Rings

120-cell Linked Rings.stl

120-Cell Study

The 120-cell is a four-dimensional shape composed of 120 dodecahedral cells. It is one of the six regular convex 4-polytopes and has some of the most beautiful patterns and symmetries.

4-polytopes cannot be seen in three-dimensional space due to their extra dimension, but there are several techniques that can be used to “project” 4-polytopes into three-dimensional space. This study uses the cell-centered stereographic projection method, chosen for the interesting aesthetic appearance.

While these three-dimensional shapes have curved faces and edges of various lengths, it is interesting to imagine that in four-dimensional space, the faces are flat, and the edges are straight and identical in length.

In this 120-cell study, select cells have been removed to allow maximal viewing of the various cells, including the center cell. The outer “shell” of cells has been removed to allow better visualization of the inner cells, and because their relative size is so large compared to the inner cells.


4-polytope

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120-Cell Sculpture: Two Intertwining Rings

120-Cell Sculpture: Two Solid Rings

120-Cell Sculpture: Six Intertwining Rings

120-Cell Rings

120-Cell Study