the ageing immune system and health pdf wrmu

Click to download:

==> the ageing immune system and health pdf <==

The ageing immune system refers to the gradual decline in immune function that occurs as individuals grow older, impacting their ability to effectively respond to infections and diseases. This process, known as immunosenescence, is characterized by a decrease in the production and activity of immune cells, including T and B lymphocytes, as well as changes in cytokine profiles. As a result, older adults become more susceptible to infections, experience slower recovery times, and may have a diminished response to vaccinations. Additionally, chronic low-grade inflammation, often termed "inflammaging," can arise, further complicating health outcomes by contributing to the development of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular conditions, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The interplay between the ageing immune system and health highlights the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle, including regular physical activity, balanced nutrition, and preventive healthcare measures, to mitigate the impacts of ageing on immune function. Research is ongoing to better understand the mechanisms behind immunosenescence and to develop strategies that could enhance immune resilience in older adults, thereby improving their overall health and quality of life. Addressing these challenges is crucial as the global population ages, necessitating a greater focus on age-related health issues and the optimization of healthcare approaches for the elderly.